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MyHeritage DNA offers DNA testing kits and a service which analyzes your DNA to help uncover your ethnic origins. This includes the ethnic groups and geographic regions you originate from. You may also find new relatives you never knew you had by finding others who share your DNA. MyHeritageDNA was launched by the online genealogy service MyHeritage in 2016. Before this and since 2008 MyHeritage had partnered with Family Tree DNA to offer a DNA testing service.
MyHeritage DNA has one of the cheapest DNA testing kits on the market at only $99 (or cheaper depending on the promotion). Once you receive the kit all you need to do is a simple cheek swab which takes less than 2 minutes. You then mail your sample to MyHeritage DNA and in about 4 weeks you will have your results.
The MyHeritage DNA test uses microarray-based autosomal DNA testing. This test looks at chromosomes 1-22 which are inherited from both parents and recent ancestors. The test also looks at the X-chromosome which follows a special inheritance pattern. This test provides the raw data that helps MyHeritage DNA to calculate your ethnicity estimate and DNA matches for both paternal and maternal ancestral lines.
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AncestryDNA is one of the largest online DNA testing services and now has over 10 million customers in its DNA database. This DNA testing service finds out information about your ethnicity and where you came from (these results are called Ethnicity Estimate and includes 26 ethnic regions) and distant relatives of others who took the same test. AncestryDNA was launched by Ancestry.com in the United States in May of 2012 and a few years later became available in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other countries. AncestryDNA does not require a Ancestry.com subscription and is ordered separately, but results can be shared across accounts allowing you to find other relatives if you so desire and expand your family tree (for those interesting in Genealogy).
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23andMe was launched in 2006 and offers to consumers DNA genetic testing to help determine a persons ancestry, genetic health risks, carrier status, traits, and overall wellness (based on the persons genes). In all there are more than 90 reports that customers can get access to (depends on service ordered). 23andMe.com currently have over 5 million genotyped customers. The name of the company refers to how the human DNA is organized into 23 pairs of chromosomes.
For testing DNA all that is required is a saliva sample you collect using the 23andMe kit which you will receive after you place your order. 23andMe is available only in English but can be ordered from the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and a number of countries in Europe.
When analyzing your DNA, 23andME uses a process called Genotyping. This means they use certain DNA sequences and compare them with known DNA sequences that have been determined to cause certain traits, health issues, etc. Humans have over 3 billion base pairs of DNA so comparing a small group of DNA sequences uses this process is much quicker while still producing accurate results.
